MUSCAT: As climate change, overgrazing, and urban expansion put increasing pressure on Oman’s diverse plant life, researchers at the Oman Centre for Animal and Plant Genetic Resources (Mawarid) are leading a long-term initiative to collect and preserve seeds of rare and endangered wild plants.
Their groundbreaking study, spanning seven years, has documented 352 plant species, gathered 174 seed collections, and recorded 17,623 genetic resource readings - offering a vital lifeline to species at risk of extinction and providing crucial insights into the country’s rich biodiversity.
Since 2018, the Mawarid research team has conducted 81 field expeditions across 50 wilayats, covering 231 locations.
Their efforts have led to the preservation of 18 endangered plant species listed by the International Union for Conservation of Nature (IUCN).
This extensive study aims to safeguard Oman’s fragile ecosystems and ensure the survival of plants uniquely adapted to extreme environmental conditions.
Oman’s wild flora faces unprecedented challenges due to rising temperatures, prolonged droughts, and shifting rainfall patterns.
Researchers are studying the resilience of these plants, particularly their ability to withstand harsh environmental changes. The data collected is being compiled into a national genetic resources database to support future conservation and adaptation strategies.
Beyond ecological preservation, Oman’s native plants hold immense agricultural, medicinal, and industrial value.
Mawarid researchers are collaborating with Oman Palm Development Company to explore commercial applications, including extracting essential oils and bioactive compounds from select species.
With climate-induced disasters becoming more frequent, the preserved seed bank serves as a crucial safeguard.
In the event of habitat destruction, these stored seeds can help regenerate lost plant populations, ensuring ecological stability and biodiversity restoration.
Among the plants under study, wild lavender has drawn significant scientific interest. The research team has analysed its chemical composition, highlighting potential medicinal and aromatic applications.
Findings from this study have already been published in peer-reviewed journals, laying the foundation for further research into Omani flora.
Many of Oman’s wild plants are deeply rooted in local traditions. Recognising their cultural and ecological importance, Mawarid researchers are actively engaging the public through school programmes, scientific lectures, and media campaigns. Their mission is not only to save endangered species but also to instill awareness and appreciation for Oman’s unique botanical heritage.
With over 2,000 hours of fieldwork completed, the research team continues its urgent efforts to secure the future of Oman’s wild plants - before it’s too late.
